构词法
migration：n迁移，移居
- migrate
- v
- migrant
- n迁徙者
- immigrate to
- v移民（进）
- immigration
- n
- immigrant
- n移民者
- emigrate from
- v移民（出）
- emigration
- n
- emigrant
- n
第一行与国境无关，另外两行均与国境有关。
anthropologist：n人类学家
同根名词anthropology重要词根anthrop=man
- anthropoid
- 类人的
- anthropogenic
- 人类导致/产生的
- philanthropist
- 慈善家
- phil=love
- physiology
- 生理学
- archaeology
- 考古学
- archaic：古雅的
ancestor：n祖先
- an
- ante表示“前”
- ces
- to go
- tor
- person
-serve
[v]
- preserve[T]维持原状（常用被动）；维护
- conserve[T]保护（数量不减少）；节省
- reserve[T]
- ~ sth (for sb/sth)保留（未来使用）
- ~ sth (for 基数词)预订=book
[n]
- preserve[sing.](of sb)（某人或群体活动工作等的）专门领域
- reserve[C]
- [usually pl.]储备（量）
- 自然保护区：在美式英语中也可以用preserve
例子
- a perfectly preserved 14th century house
- This vase has been preserved intact.这个花瓶保存得完好无损。
- Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.
- preserve and cherish保存与珍惜
- in the days when nursing was a female preserve在护理工作为女性所专有的时代
- Help to conserve energy by insulating your home.对房屋做隔热处理来帮助节约能源。
- new laws to conserve wildlife in the area
- I'd like to book/reserve a table for three for 8 o'clock tonight.我想订一张今晚8点的三人餐桌。
- I'd prefer to reserve (my) judgment until I know all the facts.在了解全部事实之前我不想发表意见。
- He discovered unexpected reserves of strength.他出乎意料的发现还有体力。
- reserve funds储备金
- a nature/wildlife reserve自然/野生动植物保护区
teller
- story-teller:讲故事的人
- fortune-teller:算命先生
（不）满足
- content/contented[adj]满足
- content/satisfaction[n]满足
- discontent/dissatisfaction[n]不满足
复合形容词
| 原型 | 复合形容词 |
|---|---|
| animals which eat insects | insect-eating animals |
| citizens who abide by the law | law-abiding citizens |
| silverware which is made by hands | hand-made silverware |
| diseases which are related to stress | stress-related diseases |
- state-owned enterprises(SOE)国有企业
- flower-selling girls卖花的女孩
- epoch-making masterpieces划时代的巨作
- cancer-causing substances致癌物质
一定要注意主被动关系，复合形容词中动词主被动与原有定从一致。
sol
sol=alone
- sole单独的
- solo[n]独唱，独奏
- soliloquy独白
- solitary唯一的
- They had a single aim, a solitary goal--the top!他们有一个唯一的目标——顶峰！（同义连用加强语气）
近义表达
- be unique to
- 对...独一无二
- Each set of genes is unique to the individual.每一组基因对于个体而言都独一无二。
- be peculiar to
- 是...所独有的
- Pandas are peculiar to China.熊猫为中国所独有。
- solitude[n]独自
- loneliness[n]孤单
in solitude单独地
-ridden
full of sth unpleasant
- flea-ridden布满跳蚤的。flea跳蚤，flee(-fled-fled)逃跑
- debt-ridden负债累累的
- mosquito-ridden swamps到处是蚊虫的沼泽
- disease-ridden slums疾病流行的贫民窟
类似的还有-infested充满讨厌的动物的
如，shark-infested waters到处是鲨鱼的水域
foli
表示leaf
- portfolio port=carry [n]公文包，文件夹；投资组合
- folio[n]对折纸，对开纸
- foliage age（集合名词后缀） [U]叶子
- foliate[adj]有叶的，叶状的
- defoliant de=down [n]落叶剂
- defoliate[v]使落叶
mort/morb/mori=death
mortgage -gage=pledge保证 [n]抵押贷款[v]抵押
- apply for a mortgage申请抵押贷款
- take out a mortgage获得抵押贷款
- pay off a mortgage还清抵押贷款
- mortgage rates抵押贷款利率
- monthly mortgage repayments每月抵押贷款还款金额
He had to mortgage his house to pay his legal costs.他不得不抵押了他的房子来付律师费
此外还有：
- mortal [adj]终有一死的，致死的，致命的
- mortality [n]不免一死，死亡率
- immortal im/in=not [adj]不朽的，永生的
- immortality [n]不朽，永生
- morbid [adj]病态的，忧郁的
- morbidity [n]病态，发病率
- moribund bund="tending toward" [adj]垂死的，行将消亡的
- mortuary ary场所 [n]停尸房，太平间
- postmortem post=after [n]验尸 [adj]死后的
ped
表示"foot"
pedestrian ian=人 [n]行人。
pedestrian[adj]1.为行人而设的。a pedestrian bridge/walkway为行人而设的天桥/人行道
pedestrian[adj]2.平淡的，乏味的。a pedestrian account of his childhood对他童年的平淡讲述
其他还有：
- pedal [adj]足的，脚的[n]踏板，脚蹬子
- pedicure [n]足部治疗，修脚
- biped bi=two [n]二足动物[adj]二足的
- quadruped quadru=four [n]四足动物[adj]四足的
- centipede centi=hundred [n]蜈蚣
- expedite ex=out [v]使加速
- expedition [n]远征，考察，探险
- impede im=in [v]妨碍，阻碍
- impediment [n]障碍，语言障碍
solid
- solid[adj]结实的，实心的，立体的
- solidarity[n]团结
- consolidate[v]巩固
- safeguard national and ethnic solidarity维护国家和民族团结
- consolidate and strengthen the bilateral relationship巩固和加强双边关系
-fold
[adj/adv]倍数
twofold/fourfold/tenfold
- a tenfold increase十倍的增长
- Business has increased tenfold生意增长了十倍
ill-:badly
- ill-mannered没礼貌的
- ill-tempered脾气坏的
- ill-advised不明智的
- ill-bred没教养的
- ill-educated未接受良好教育的
- [NCE4.5]He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous.他可能是自高自大的，没礼貌的，自以为是的或愚蠢的。
- [NCE4.28]Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who was such faith in the bottle of medicine.并不只是那些无知和未接受良好教育的人才迷信药瓶子。
patr=pater:father
- patriotism爱国主义
- patriot爱国者
- patriotic爱国的
- compatriot同胞
- patriarchy父权制
- patricide弑父罪
- paternal父亲的
- paternal affection父爱
- paternity父亲的身份
- He is on paternity leave.他在陪产假。
matr=mater:mother
- matriarchy母权制
- matricide弑母罪
- maternal母亲的
- maternal affection母爱
- maternity母亲的身份
- She is on maternity leave.她在休产假。
radi=root
- eradicate[T]根除
- radish[n]萝卜
caution
- caution[U]谨慎；[U/C]（对危险或风险的）警告，告诫；[v](sb) against sth/sb about sth警告，告诫，提醒
- cautious[adj](about sb/sth/doing sth)小心的，谨慎的
- precaution[n]预防措施
常用搭配：
- cautious optimism about sth
- be cautiously optimistic about sth
tarian
主义的，主义者
- utilitarian
- 功利主义的/者
- ugly utilitarian buildings丑陋的实用主义建筑
- vegetarian
- 素食主义的/者
- totalitarian
- 极权主义的/者
- German was once a totalitarian state.德国一度是一个极权主义国家。
- humanitarian
- 人道主义的/者
- egalitarian
- 平等主义的/者
- an egalitarian attitude to voting对投票的平等主义的态度
lapse=slide
- elapse
- [v]（通常不用于进行时）时间流逝=go by/pass
- Three years elapsed/went by/passed.
- collapse
- [v]倒塌
- relapse
- [v](into sth)倒退
- re-=back
- relapse into bad habits
mit=send
- emit
- e=out
- [NCE4.7]emit squeaks发出尖叫声
- transmit
- trans=across
- 「见“一词多义.html”中“transmit”相关部分」
- omit
- o=ob=away
- [T]sth/sb (from sth)删除，忽略，遗漏=leave out；[I]+to do不做，未能做
- submit
- sub=under
- [T]sth (to sb/sth)提交，呈递（文件、建议等）；[T/I](yourself) (to sb/sth)顺从，屈服=give in to sb/sth=yield
- vomit
- vo=eat
- [T/I]呕吐=be sick
ize=化
- customize[T]使适应客户，使适合某项任务
- civilize[T]文明化
- generalize[I](from sth)归纳
- localize[T]=confine本土化
- pulverize[T]粉碎->摧毁=crush
- You can use the control panel to customize Windows.你可以使用控制面板来定制Windows系统。
arch(y)=rule
- anarchy[U]无政府状态，混乱
- monarch[n]国王
- monarchy[sing.]君主政体；[C]君主国
- patriarchy[C/U]父权制
- matriarchy[n]母权制
- In the absence of their teacher, the class was in a state of anarchy.老师不在，班级处在混乱状态之中。
- Britain is a monarchy.
宪法
- constitution[C]宪法，章程
- constitutional[adj]宪法的
- constitutional monarchy君主立宪制
nov=new
- innovator[n]革新者，创新者
- innovate[T/I]
- innovation[n]
- innovate in techniques在工艺方面创新
- to innovate new products创造新产品
- novel[adj]新颖的
- novelty[n]新鲜事物
- a novel idea
- The car was a novelty in 1900.
novice[n]初学者
- renovate[v]翻新
- renovation[n]
- The Imperial Palace is under renovation.故宫在翻新。
comment
- comment[C/U](about/on sth)评论，议论，解释
- commentary[C/U]实况报道，现场解说；[C]注释；[C/U]批评，议论
- commentator[n]评论员；现场解说员，实况播音员
- She made helpful comments on my work.她对我的工作提出了有益的建议。
- The petty quarrels were a sad commentary on the state of the government.这些鸡毛蒜皮的争吵说明了政府的状况很糟糕。
- a political commentator政治评论员
conception
观念，认识
- misconception[C/U](about sth)错误认识，误解
- preconception[C, usually pl./U]先入之见，成见=assumption
- [GEE2012]misconception and deceptiveness误解和欺骗
- a book that will challenge your preconceptions about rural life一本改变你对农村生活成见的书
indulge
- indulgent[adj]宽容的=patient；（常含贬义）纵容的，放纵的
- indulge[I/T]in sth/oneself (with sth)沉湎（于...）
- indulge[T]满足（兴趣、欲望等）
- indulge[T]sb (with sth)/sth放纵
- 积累：take an indulgent view of sth宽宏大量的看待某事
- indulgent parents纵容子女的父母
- an indulgent smile迁就的微笑
- They went into town to indulge in some serious shopping.他们进城去大肆购物。
- I indulge myself with a long hot bath.我尽情享受了一次长时间的热水浴。
- The inheritance enabled him to indulge his passion for art.这笔遗产使他能够尽情投入他热爱的艺术。
- She did not believe in indulging the children with presents.她认为不能惯着孩子要什么给什么。
-plex
词源学上与-fold同源：「见“构词法.html”中“-fold”相关部分」
- 由一些部分组成
- （数学）十的多少次方
post-
after, later; behind
- post-war战后
- post-modernism后现代