一词多义

owe

owe原意为欠。例如IOU欠条、-How much do I owe you?(付款时用) -It's on the house.店家请客、You owe him an apology/explanation你欠他一个道歉/解释

引申为感谢。如

I owe you (one).
I owe you a lot/a great deal.
I owe a lot to my father.

owe A to B表示把A归因于B（更多替换见常用替换）。

authority

authority on某方面的权威

例如，Yuan Longping is a leading authority on hybrid rice.袁隆平是杂交水稻方面首屈一指的权威。

还可表示当局：

the authorities
the local authorities
the forest authorities
the French/Chinese authorities

find one's way

人作主语：找到道路
物作主语：到达

如[NCE3.15]Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given him have found their way there我给他的五十便士和一磅的硬币很少有能到达那儿的

promise to do

人作主语：承诺
物作主语：可能

如Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery两位法国地球物理学家的开创性研究可能揭开这一谜题

course

课程，疗程，航线，道（菜）

[NCE4.3]... eating seven-course dinners ...一顿饭七道菜

course/course of action行动方式，处理方法

in due course（习语）在合适的时候

portfolio

[n]公文包，文件夹；投资组合

My stockbroker manages my portfolio for me.我的股票经纪人为我管理投资组合

convertible&conversion&convert

convertible [n]1.可兑换证券 2.敞篷汽车 [adj]可改变的

conversion [n]1. 改变，转变。the conversion of ... into ...:...到...的转变

the conversion of a barn into a house畜棚变住宅

conversion [n]2. 改变信仰，皈依。one's conversion from ... to ...:由...到...的信仰转变

convert [v]1. 改变（形式或用途）[T/I] convert (sth) to/into sth

They converted the spare bedroom into an office他们将空闲的卧室转变为了一间办公室

convert [v]2. 改变信仰[T/I] convert (sb) to sth

European missionaries converted thousands to Christianity欧洲传教士将成千上万人转变为了基督徒
She converted to Catholicism她变为了一个天主教徒

selection

[U]选择。selection criteria选择标准
[C]挑选出的事项或人。[NCE4.48]a well-planned selection of investments一种计划周密的投资选择

go about

~ (doing) sth开始做某事。The leaflet tells you how to go about making a will这份小册子告诉你如何开始立一份遗嘱
~ sth做自己常做的事。go about one's business忙...自己的事。如[NCE3.54]We enjoy staring at them entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence我们喜欢盯着他们看，因为他们忙着自己的事情，（但愿）没有发现我们的存在而欣喜若狂

sort out

[v]1.弄清楚，搞明白。Investigators are still trying to sort out why the accident happened.调查者仍试图搞清楚事故为何发生
[v]2.将...分类整理好。We need to sort out our camping gear before we go away.我们离开之前需要分类整理好野营设备（gear[U]）
[v]3.挑出。[NCE3.58]At least sorting out the things she should have discarded years ago was now being made easier for her.至少现在对她来说挑出那些她本该几年前就丢弃的东西变得更简单了

access

[n]1.（使用某物或接触某人的）机会和权利。have access to有机会接近
[n]2.（接近或进入某地的）方法，通道。access to

Only high officials have access to the president只有高级公务员有机会接近总统
The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields进入农舍的唯一途径是穿过田野

solid

[adj]1.结实的

The villa has solid foundations这栋别墅有着坚固的地基

反义词flimsy不结实的

a flimsy excuse站不住脚的借口

[adj]2.实心的

反义词hollow空心的

[adj]3.立体的

solid geometry立体几何

see+through

see through看穿

We can all see through your little game我们都能看穿你的小把戏

see sb through sth帮助...度过...。

Her courage and perseverance saw her through the hard times她的勇气和毅力帮助她度过了困难的时期

see sth through坚持完成

替换：get sth over with/stick sth out

The English course is very hard to learn, but I determine to see it through这个英语课程非常难学但我决心要完成它

She promised to stand by him, and once you make that commitment you have to see it through她承诺支持他，而你一旦作了这种承诺你必须坚持完成。在这里stand by

不接宾语：袖手旁观
接宾语：支持

rub

rub[n]困难，难题，困境。“这就是问题所在”：

Here is the rub.
That's where the rub is.

rub sb the wrong way令某人生气

近义表达：get on one's nerves

commitment

[U]信奉，信仰；[C/U]承诺；[U]奉献，投入

commitment to sb/sth奉献，投入: A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent commitment.干演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。
commitment to sth对...的信仰: have sincere commitment to religion/communism
make a commitment to do sth承诺
honor/fulfill one's commitment兑现承诺: We must honor our commitments to small nations.
The President of the United States has reiterated the U.S. commitment to the Three Sino-U.S. Joint Communiques.美国总统重申了对中美三个联合公报的承诺。

practice

[v]日常从事=practise
[n]习俗，惯例

at any rate

无论如何: =in any case/event=come what may; ~, we must go on Tuesday.
至少: =at least; They felt, or ~ Dan felt, both relieved and frightened.他们感到，或至少Dan感到，既宽慰又害怕。

more than

+ n.：超过，不仅仅

[NCE4.2]It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, (being) not content with only three meals a day.我们几乎无法猜测它们究竟杀了多少，但是它们是饥饿的生物，对一天只有三餐饭并不满足。
There is more to good health than the mere absence of disease.健康不仅仅是指不生病，还包括更多。

造句：他们是有事业心的年轻人，不会满足于平淡的日常生活。

They are enterprising young people, not content with the dull routine of everyday life.

反义词“仅仅”：just/only/merely/no more than

+ adj./adv. ：极其，非常

He is more than selfish.他非常自私。
I'll be more than happy to buy you a new one.我非常愿意买一个新的给你。

+ A can/could ：是...无法...的

[NCE2.78]When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it is more than I could bear.当我的旧友布莱恩力劝我吸一支烟时，我再也忍不住了。
[NCE3.43]Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear, for during the party it capsized and sank in seven feet of water.事实证明这只碟子承受不了跳舞，因为在这场聚会期间它倾覆并沉入了7英尺的水中。
The beauty of the West Lake is more than words can describe.西湖的美无法用言语形容。
Such a complicated situation is far more than we could anticipate and deal with.这样一种复杂的情况远非我们可以预料和处理的。

follow

[T]接受...为指导（或领导、榜样），追随，拥护，仿效
[T]接受，遵循，听从（忠告、指示等）

[NCE4.8]following fine continental traditions遵循优良的大陆传统
follow the crowd/herd随大流
follow one's example/lead步后尘: I don't want you to follow my example/lead and rush into marriage.我不希望你走我的老路，匆忙结婚。

apply

[T]sth (to sth)使用，应用
[T/I](to sb/sth)有关，涉及（不用于进行时）

The new technology was applied to farming.这项新技术已应用于农业。
The word 'unexciting' could never be applied to her novels.“乏味”这个词绝对与她的小说沾不上边。
What I am saying applies only to some of you.我所说的只涉及你们中的一些人。

leave

处于某种状态，在某地方

[T]使保留，让...处于（某种状态、某地等）。这种状态或地点作为宾补。

[T-adj]: 可视为省略了being。; Leave the door open, please.请把门开着吧。
[T-ing]: Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.别让她在外边雨里等着。
[T-to do]: Leave the rice to cook for 20 minutes.把大米煮20分钟。

使发生，造成，使留下为（某种结果）。

[T]: Red wine leaves a stain.红葡萄酒会留下污渍。
[T]双宾语: I'm afraid you leave me no choice.恐怕你没有给我留下选择的余地。

be left[T]留下备用（或销售等）。

Is there any coffee left?还有咖啡剩下吗？
figurative: [NCE3.33]... what was left of the cake. ...仅剩的那些蛋糕。; The only course of action left to me was to notify her employer.我可能采取的唯一措施就是通知她的雇主。

[T]sth/sb (behind)忘了带，丢下

I've left my beg on the bus.我把包丢在公交车上了。
He wasn't well, so we had to leave him behind.他身体不舒服，因此我们只好把他留下。

slack

[adj]松弛的，懈怠的

反义词tight/taut紧的

Slack defending by Real Madrid allowed Manchester United to score.皇家马德里队的松懈防守让曼彻斯特联队趁机得分。

近义词：loose/lax/casual/careless/inattentive

[NCE4.9]... discipline was slack/loose/lax.
[NCE4.9]..., and their security precautions were casual.

[adj]萧条的

depression[n]萧条

Business is bad/slack/depressed in winter.冬季商业萧条。
the Great Depression

繁荣：

thrive[v]植物茁壮成长；兴旺，繁荣=prosper=flourish
boom[v]（商业，经济）迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛

thrive on靠（不好的东西）兴旺

Business is good/booming.
Business flourished and within six months they were earning 18000 roubles a day.
This type of plant thrives in tropics.这种植物在热带地区长得很好。
thriving/prosperous countries
A business cannot thrive/prosper without investment.
I wouldn't want much pressure, but she seems to thrive on it.我不会想要太多压力，但她看起来就靠压力成功。

conquer

[T]征服

conqueror[n]征服者

William the Conqueror
The Normans conquered England in 1066.

[I]胜利；[T]战胜

I came. I saw. I conquered.
England conquered their main rivals in the first round.英格兰在第一回合就战胜了他们主要的对手。

（成功的）克服，对付，控制

conquer the mountain成功登顶
I finally conquered my fear of height.我最终克服了恐高。
She has conquered the hearts of many men.她征服过许多男人的心。

assemble

[T/I]（使）人群聚集

A large crowd assembled/was assembled outside the American embassy.一大群人聚集在美国大使馆外。

表聚集

[T/I]: assemble/gather/mass
[I]: collect/congregate/converge/crowd

A large audience crowds along the banks to watch the exciting event.很多观众正在河岸边拥挤着观看这场激动人心的比赛。
gathering and dining聚会吃饭

[v]装配，组装

反义词dismantle/take apart拆卸

assemble a computer
dismantle the computer
take the computer apart

episode

[n] an event, a situation or a period of time in sb's life, a novel, etc.

可以有“插曲，片段，逸事”等多种译法。

one of the most interesting episodes in his career他职业生涯中最有趣的经历之一
Please watch next week's thrilling episode!请观看下周扣人心弦的一集！
the final episode大结局

act as

（临时）担任某工作

My brother speaks French -- he can act as interpreter.我兄弟会说法语——他可以临时充当口译员。

当作...来用=be used as/serve as/function as

[NCE4.7]Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, ... .不是动物发出的所有声音都被用作语言，...。
[NCE3.25]She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of past.她给人留下了深刻影响，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。

passport

护照
途径，路子，手段=key;~ to sth

British/Chinese passport
The only passport to success is hard work.

相关表达:visa[n]（护照的）签证

work/student/tourist visa

set out to do

开始一项工作/任务

[NCE3.5]The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.记者立即出发去采集这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间也不见他把它们发来。

有意做某事

We never set out to hurt you.我们从未有意伤害你。
[NCE3.31]True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves.真正的怪人从不刻意为自己吸引别人的注意。

settle down

[I]

舒适的坐下（或躺下）: I settled down with a book.
（在某地）定居下来，过安定的生活: They'd like to see their daughter settle down, get married and have kids.; [NCE4.9]These had settled down for the winter at Chippenham: thither Alfred went.这些部队已经在Chippenham扎营准备过冬：这时候阿尔弗雷德来了。

[T/I]down为[adv]

（使某人）安静下来，平静下来: It always takes the class a while to settle down at the start of the lesson.

live on

以食...为生
（常含贬义）仅以（一种或几种食物）为主要食物
靠（钱、人等）生活

Small birds live mainly on insects.
She lives on burgers.
[NCE4.9]They lived well, on the proceeds of raids on neighbouring regions.他们依靠抢劫邻近地区的收益过得不错。
He lives on his parents.

latitude

[U]纬度/latitudes[pl]纬度地区。

[U]=liberty选择（做什么事或做事方式）的自由。

"The test of any democratic society", he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be."“检验任何民主社会”，他在《华尔街日报》的一个栏目里写到，“不在于它能多好的控制表达，而在于它是否给予思想和表达自由以可能的最广的自由，而无论其结果有时可能多有争议或多令人恼火。”

proportion

[C]部分，份额
[U](of sth to sth)=ratio比例，倍数关系

[NCE4.44]the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue他本国语言的总词汇量的比重
The time and the distance are in proportion.时间和距离成比例。
The proportion of men to women in the college has changed dramatically over the years.近年来这个学院男性和女性的比例出现了剧变。

forge[v]

打铁，锻造

forge a sword锻造一把剑

建立联系

forge a relationship/an alliance/a link with与...建立（人、团体、国家之间的）关系/（国家、政党等的）同盟/联系

The United States forged an alliance with France in 1776.美国与法国在1776年建立了同盟。

伪造

forgery[n]赝品

a forged passport一张伪造的护照
The painting is a forgery.这幅画是赝品。

note[v]

注意

Note how she is holding her racket.注意她是怎么握球拍的。

由于某物重要或有趣而提及它

[NCE4.10]Carver Mead, ..., notes there are now workstations ... .卡弗・米德，...，指出现在有一些工作站...。

discipline

[U]纪律，风纪

The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.这所学校因为纪律严格而闻名遐迩。

[C]知识领域；（尤指大学的）学科，科目

Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, psychology and sociology.社会科学学科包括地理学，经济学，政治科学，心理学和社会学。

惩罚

见“常用表达”相应部分。

already[adv]

已经，早已
（表示惊奇）已经，都
（强调情况或问题存在）已经

We got there early but Mike had already left.我们提早到了那里但麦克已经离开了。
You're not leaving already, are you?你已经不打算走了，是不是？
[NCE4.10]Already, orientals and Asian Americans constitute the majority of the engineering staffs at many Valley firms.东方人和亚裔美国人已经构成了许多硅谷公司大部分工程人员。

prove

[LINK]证明是

[NCE4.10]Before it becomes a retirement village, Silicon Valley may prove a classroom for building a global business.: 这个句子的翻译需结合上下文。; 硅谷在不再引领计算机行业之前，你可以在这里学到如何建立世界性公司。

[T]证明

The results prove that regulation of the salmon farming industry is inadequate.结果证明，大马哈鱼养殖业的管理是失当的。

[T]显示（优点）

常接宾补。

Margie proved herself to be a good mother.玛吉表明了自己是一个好母亲。
As a composer he proved himself adept at large dramatic forms.作为一名作曲家，他显示出自己擅长创作大型戏剧体裁。

sustain[T]

维持（生命，生存）

Which planets can sustain life?哪些行星可以维持生命的存在？
The love and support of his family sustained him during his time in prison.家人的关爱和支持帮他度过了狱中的岁月。

使保持，使稳定持续

同义词：maintain

[adj]:

sustainable不破坏生态平衡的，合理利用的；可持续的
unsustainable不能持续的，无法维持的

a sustained attack持续的攻击
sustainable development strategy可持续发展战略
She managed to sustain everyone's interest until the end of her speech.她让每个人兴趣盎然，一直听她把话讲完。

遭受（不好的事物）

同义词：suffer

sustain/suffer damage/an injury/(a) defeat/pain/torture/losses遭受损坏/伤害/失败/痛苦/折磨/亏损

insulate

使隔绝

~ sth (from/against sth)

insulator[n]隔热/绝缘/隔音材料/装置

Home owners are being encouraged to insulate their homes to save energy.当局鼓励房主给住房做隔热处理以节约能源。

使避免（不愉快的经历或影响）

同义词：shield

~ sb/sth from/against sth
shield sb/sth (from/against sb/sth)

Police believe that somebody is shielding the killer.
You can't shield/insulate her from the truth forever.你不可能永远瞒着她，不让她知道事情的真相。

fine

[adj]讲究的
[adj]小颗粒的

[NCE4.3]fine linen sheets讲究的亚麻布床单
fine powder细粉

pose

[T]造成（威胁、问题等）；引起，产生
[T]~ a question(formal)提问，质询

pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk/problem造成威胁/挑战/危险/风险/问题

unfocused

an unfocused look茫然的眼神: 尤指眼睛
[GEE2010]unfocused newspaper reviews漫无边际的报纸评论: 指计划、工作等

radical

[adj]（常作定语）

根本的，彻底的，完全的=far-reaching
全新的，不同凡响的
激进的，极端的
（老派）很好，非常好

the need for radical changes in education
[GEE2010]radical viewpoints
the radical wing of the party

[n]

激进分子
（化学）自由基

prevail

(in/among sth)普遍存在，盛行，流行
(against/over sth)（思想、观点等）被接受，战胜，压倒
on/upon sb to do sth劝说

We were horrified at the conditions prevailing in local prisons.地方监狱的普遍状况让我们震惊。
Justice will prevail over tyranny.正义必将战胜暴虐。

sharpen

[T/I]（抽象或具体）（使）变得锋利，变得清晰

The knife needs sharpening.这把刀需要磨了。
There is a need to sharpen the focus of the discussion.有必要使讨论的焦点更加集中。

[T/I]（使感觉或感情）加强，加重

The sea air sharpened our appetites.海上的空气增进了我们的食欲。

[T/I](sth) (up)（使）提高，改善

He needs to sharpen up before the Olympic trials.在奥运会选拔赛之前，他需要进一步提高自己。
She's doing a course to sharpen her business skills.她正在进修以提高自己的业务技巧。

[T/I]（使声音）变得尖锐，变得刺耳

confuse

[T]

使迷惑
(A and/with B)（将...）混淆=mix up
使更难于理解

由此可见，宾语可以是人或物，可以表示无法理解或混淆。

They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened.他们对发生的事所作的陈述自相矛盾，使我迷惑不解。
People often confuse me with my twin sister.人们常常把我和我的孪生妹妹搞错。
His comment only served to confuse the issue further.他的评论只是把问题弄得更加复杂。

susceptible

(to sb/sth)（不常作定语）易受伤害，敏感
感情丰富的，善感的=impressionable
(of sth)(fml)容许...的，可能...的，可以...的

可以表示身体/心理敏感。第三个含义较为独立。

He's highly susceptible to flattery.他爱听恭维话。
Salt intake may lead to raised blood pressure in susceptible adults.盐的摄入可能导致易病的成年人血压升高。
She was born charming and susceptible.她迷人而多情。
Is this situation not susceptible of improvement by legislation?这种情况有无可能通过立法加以改善？

serve

[T]:

对...有用，能满足...的需要（宾语是人或者意义/利益/需要等）

积累：These experiments serve no useful purpose.这些实验没有任何实际意义。
积累：Most of their economic policies serve the interests of big business.他们的经济政策多半符合大公司的利益。
积累：How can we best serve the needs of future generations?我们怎样才最能满足后代子孙的需要？
积累：His linguistic ability served him well in his chosen profession.他的语言能力对他所选择的职业大有帮助。

express

[adj]（只作定语）：

特快的，快速的，快递的

an express bus/coach/train特快公共汽车/长途汽车/列车
express delivery service快递服务
Express Mail Service(EMS)特快专递

bring up

up是[adv]。

人作宾语：（常用被动）抚养，养育，教养=raise
物作宾语：提出（讨论等）=raise

积累：kids raised on a diet of hamburgers吃汉堡包长大的孩子
积累：I was born and raised a city boy.我是个在城市里出生长大的孩子。
积累：a well/badly brought up child有教养/没有教养的孩子
积累：They were brought up/taught as children to respect authority.他们从小被教导尊敬权威。
I was brought up a Catholic.
The book raises many important questions.这本书提出了许多重要问题。
Bring it up at the meeting.请将此事在会议上提出。

raise

抚养；提出：「见“一词多义.html”中“bring up”相关部分」
提高：「见“常用表达.html”中“数量变化”相关部分」

put forward

forward为[adv]。

将...提前
向前拨（时钟指针）
提出，提议

We've put the wedding forward by one week.（by「见“介词和连词.html”中“by”相关部分」）我们已把婚礼提前了一周。
put forward a suggestion提出建议

seemingly

看似，貌似，表面上
据说，听说，看来=apparently

a seemingly endless journey似乎永远走不完的路
Seemingly, he borrowed the money from the bank.据说，他从银行贷出了那笔钱。

uneven

[adj]

凹凸不平的，不平坦的
不规则的，无规律的=irregular
（竞争或比赛）实力悬殊的，一边倒的=unequal
不均衡的，不公平的=unequal

反义词：even

Her breathing was quick and uneven.她的呼吸急促不匀。
积累：an uneven distribution of resources资源的不均衡分配

transmit

[T/I](sth) (from) (to)传送，输送，发射，播送
[T]传播，传染=transfer

The ceremony was transmitted live by satellite to over fifty countries.典礼通过卫星向50多个国家进行了实况转播。
a short-wave radio that can transmit as well as receive收发两用的短波无线电装置
sexually transmitted diseases(STD)性传播疾病

inspire

[T]:

sb (to sth/to do sth)激励
（常用被动）赋予灵感，引起灵感，启发思考
sb (with sth)/sth (in sb)使产生（感觉或情感）

“演员的热情鼓舞着孩子们。”：

The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.
The actors' enthusiasm inspired the kids.

His superb play inspired the team to a thrilling 5-0 win.他的出色表现使球队士气大振，以5：0大获全胜。
The actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions.演员希望鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。
The choice of decor was inspired by a trip to India.选用这种装饰格调是从一次印度之行中得到的启发。
积累：inspire me with confidence使我产生信心

withdraw

[T/I](sb/sth) (from sth)（使）撤回，撤离，退出
[T]sth (from sth)停止提供，不再给予
[T]提，取（款）
[T](fml)收回，撤回（说过的话）=retract
[I](from sth) (into sth)脱离（社会）

Government troops were forced to withdraw.
She withdrew her hand from his.她把手从他的手里抽了出来。
积累：The drug was withdrawn from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects.这药因许多人服后产生严重副作用而被停止销售。
I'd like to withdraw $250 please.
The newspaper withdrew the allegations the next day.这家报纸第二天收回了这些说法。
She's beginning to withdraw into herself.她开始变得不爱与人交往了。

subject[adj]to

to sth可能受...影响的
to sth取决于，视...而定
to sb/sth受...支配，服从于

Flights are subject to delay because of the fog.由于有雾，航班可能延误。
The article is ready to publish, subject to your approval.那篇文章准备好了，可以发表，就等你批准了。
[GEE2012]make itself subject to the code of conduct让它自己遵守行为准则

cultivate

[T]:

耕作
种植
（有时含贬义）建立（友谊），结交（朋友），获得（支持）
逐渐形成（态度、谈话或举止方式）

[GEE2012]have no need to cultivate political support不需要获得政治支持
She cultivated an air of sophistication.她养成了一派精明练达的气度。

go by

（时间）流逝，过去
sth遵循（或依照）某事，以某事来判断

积累：Things will get easier as time goes by.随着时间推移情况会有所改善。
积累：If past experience is anything to go by, they'll be late.凭以往的经验看，他们会迟到的。

point

[T/I](at/to/towards sb/sth)（无被动）（用手指头或物体）指，指向

It's rude to point!用手指人很不礼貌啊！
She pointed her finger in my direction.她指着我这个方向。

agreeable

[adj](fml)

愉悦的，讨人喜欢的，宜人的。反义词disagreeable
（不作定语）(to sth)欣然同意
(to sb)可接受的，适合的

We spent a most agreeable day together.我们在一起度过了非常愉快的一天。
He seemed extremely agreeable.他似乎特别招人喜欢。
积累：be agreeable to our proposal爽快同意我们的提议
The deal must be agreeable to both sides.交易必须双方都可以接受。

conceive

想出：「见“常用表达.html”中“提出”相关部分」
想象：「见“常用表达.html”中“想象”相关部分」

propose

「见“常用表达.html”中“提出”相关部分」
「见“常用表达.html”中“打算”相关部分」

render

「见“常用表达.html”中“使变得”相关部分」
「见“常用表达.html”中“提供”相关部分」

bind

[T]使结合

bind them together将他们紧紧联系在一起
bind the U.S. to the Britain使美国和英国紧密联系在一起

[T]约束

bound[adj]受约束的

积累：The authorities will be legally bound to arrest any suspects.当局将依法逮捕任何可疑人员。
The world of advertising is obviously less bound by convention than the world of banking.与银行业相比，广告业显然较少受常规的约束。

[T]捆绑

[T]装订

herd

群：「见“常用表达.html”中“单位词”相关部分」

[T]把...集中赶往

the herding instinct群居本能

[T]驱赶（畜群）

assimilate

「见“常用表达.html”中“吸收”相关部分」
「见“常用表达.html”中“融入”相关部分」

subtle

[adj]subtle-subtler-subtlest/subtle-more subtle-most subtle

（常含褒义）不明显的，微妙的
（人或行为）机智的，狡猾的
巧妙的
敏锐的

积累：subtle colours/flavours/smells淡淡的色彩/味道/气味
积累：There are subtle differences between two versions.两个版本之间有一些细微的差别。
积累：I decide to try a more subtle approach.我决定智取。
a subtle plan巧妙的计划
The job required a subtle mind.那项工作需要一个头脑敏锐的人去做。

subtly[adv]

ingredient

[n]:

成分
（成功的）因素，要素

Coconut is a basic ingredient for many curries.椰子是多种咖喱菜的基本成分。
积累：the essential ingredients for success成功的基本要素
积累：It has all the ingredients of a good mystery story.这部作品有构成一个好的神秘故事的所有要素。

flood[v]

[I]in/into/out of sth大量涌入

Inquiries flooded in from all over the world.世界各地的咨询像潮水般涌入。

[T]sth (with sth)使充斥

Manufacturers are destroying American jobs by flooding the market with cheap imports.制造商们在以廉价进口货充斥市场，破坏美国人的就业机会。

cherish

有（感情）：「见“常用表达.html”中“拥有”相关部分」

[T](fml)珍爱，爱护

Children need to be cherished.儿童需要无微不至的爱护。
积累：her most cherished possession她最珍爱的物品

strike

[T]（不用于进行时）突然想到（想法或念头）

An awful thought has just struck me.刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。

[T]sb (as sth/that)让某人觉得，给某人以...印象

His reaction struck me as odd.他的反应令我诧异。
How does the idea strike you?你觉得这个主意怎么样？
积累：It strikes me that nobody is really in favor of the changes.我觉得没人真正赞成这些变动。

crude

[adj]

粗略的

积累：in crude terms简略来说

（物体或艺术品）粗糙的

a crude drawing of a face脸部的略图

（人或行为）粗俗的

积累：crude jokes/language

（只作定语）（自然物质）天然的

积累：crude oil/metal原油/未经提炼的金属

distinct

[adj]。distinctly[adv]

[adj]清楚的，明显的

His voice was quiet but every word was distinct.

(from sth)截然不同的

The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.

（只作定语）确实的，确切的=definite

A strike is now a distinct possibility.

辨析：

distinctive[adj]有特色的
distinctively[adv]有特色地

instant

[n]

[C]瞬间

积累：For an instant, Barney was tempted to flee.那一瞬间，巴尼很想逃走。
积累：I'll be back in an instant.我马上就回来。

[sing.]时刻

At that instant the museum was plunged into total darkness.在那一刻，博物馆陷入一片黑暗。

the instant (that)一...就...=as soon as

积累：I recognized her the instant (that) I saw her.

contemplate

[T]考虑，对...考虑再三
[T]凝视

contemplation

[U]考虑再三
[U]凝视

For a time he contemplated a career as an army medical doctor.他曾一度考虑做一名军医。
He contemplated his hands, still frowning.他凝视着他的双手，依然皱着眉头。

bearing

have a/no bearing on与...有/无关系

Recent events had no bearing on our decision.
Regular exercise has a direct bearing on fitness and health.

[sing.]举止

Her whole bearing was alert.她整个人保持着戒备状态。

[C]（术语）方位

[GEE2019]... how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. ...识别一块特别的石头或树能多么快的让你恢复方向感。

literally

[adv]（强调事实可能令人惊讶）真的，确实的

[GEE2019]..., and you literally can't find north, ... . ...，而且你真的找不到北方了，...。

[adv]按字面=exactly

积累：When I told you to 'get lost' I didn't expect to be taken literally.我叫你“滚开”，并没有让你按字面意思来理解呀。

incidentally

[adv]顺便说及

I didn't ask you to come. Incidentally, why have you come?我没有叫你来。顺便问一下，你为什么来呢？

[adv]附带的

incidental[adj]附带的，次要的

The letter mentioned my great aunt and uncle only incidentally.信里只是附带提到了我的叔祖母和叔祖父。

corporate

[adj]（只作定语）

公司的

[GEE2019]Patience as a Corporate Virtue耐心作为一种企业美德
积累：corporate identity公司形象
积累：corporate hospitality公司对顾客的热情招待

全体的，共同的

corporate responsibility共同的责任

uplift

[T]使（精神、地位）提升；[C/U]精神动力；[C]增值

We need a little something to help sometimes, to uplift us and make us feel better.我们有时需要一些事来帮助我们打起精神并且让我们感觉好点。
This victory was a massive uplift for us.这次胜利对我们来说是一个极大的鼓舞。
an uplift in the stock market股票市场的增值

conscience

[C]良知；[U]凭良知行事

[U]负疚感

on one's conscience引起内疚

The drunk driver has two deaths on his conscience.醉酒司机良心上背负着两条人命。

undermine

「见“常用表达.html”中“程度变化”相关部分」
「见“常用表达.html”中“损坏”相关部分」

institution

[C]（规模大的）机构
[C]（常含贬义）慈善机构
[C]（由来已久的）风俗习惯，制度
[U]建立，设立，制定

harsh

[adj]:

严酷的

harsh reality严峻的现实

predominant

显著的：「见“常用表达.html”中“显著的”相关部分」

[adj]占优势的，主导的=dominant

积累：a predominant culture主流文化

insure

[T/I]（为...）投保

insure yourself against使预防

[T]保证，确保=ensure

likewise

[adv]同样的

What is fair for homeowners likewise should be fair to businesses.对私人业主公平的，同样也该对商家公平。

[adv]照样的

He lent money, made donations and encouraged others to do likewise.

observe

[T]观察（到）
[T]评述
[T]遵从
[T]庆祝

observe traffic rules
observe the Dragon Boat Festival

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